Electrical device



T. W. CASE.

' ELECTRICAL nE'vlcE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 22. 1918.

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Patented Feb. 7, 1922,

PATENTa OFFICE.

THEODORE WILLARD CASE, OF SCIPIO, NEW YORK.

ELECTRICAL DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 7, 1922.

Application led January 22, 1918.. Serial No.` 213,229.

To all whom tmy concern:

Be it known that I, THEoDoRE W. CASE, a citizen of the United States of America, and

' resident of Scipio, in the county of Cayuga,

in the State of New York, have invented .new and useful Improvements inl Electrical Devices, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying ance in said circuit, either automatically or mechanically effected, as through resistance of iight-reactive substances, or to other l mine and translate.

causes which it may be'desirable to deterv,In the drawings Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of ap aratus of my invention.

i 2 is a similar view of a slightly modified germ of apparatus. .v

"-The invention comprises a primar.)7 circuit -1 containing a source o-fpotential, as'tlie battery -2, and a resistance +3-, in this specific illustration being an automatically variable resistance such as may be produced by the use of a light-ractive or light-responsive cell, particular substances for such use being set forth in my 4copending'l applications, Ser. No. 195,652, patented July 8, 1919, No. 1,309,181, and Ser. No. 195,653, filed October 9, 1917.

The primary lcircuit may embody, as shown in Figure 1, la vsin-all diameter wire -4- which may be a fine silvered or platinized quartz fibre, extending through a vacuum tube 'or vessel -5-. A suitable magnetic field with lines of force crossing or intersecting the wire or fibre 4ris produced in any practical way, as by a magnet 6 and preferably the lines of force cut the conductor -4- at substantially right angles to the conductor. Sealed Within the vacuum vessel is an electrode -'7-, in this illustration taking the form of a vfilament adapted. to be electrically heated from a suitable source, as by battery -8- connected across the terminals of the filament.y

A secondary circuit -9- constitutingy a measuring or translating circuit and con- 4taining a suitable source of E. F.,as battery -.10-, and a suitable indicating device 411- which may be a galvanometer, telephone receivers, or the like, is suitably connected to one terminal of the filament and to the wire or fibre -4-L i The vacuum in the vessel should be ad- ]usted or fixed empirically to render the apparatus as sensitive as possible.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows:

The filament is heated by the E. M. F. from battery -8- and this filament circuit may contain :ii-mechanically variable resistance to 'control the extent of heating of the filament. Any change in the amount of' current fiowing through ythe primary circuit -1- will cause 'aV efiection of wire -4-',

either toward or from'the heated filament,

due to the magnetic field produced by inagnet"-6..

Deflection of th wire toward or from the filamentafiects the amount of curren'v flowin g from`the wire to the filament and the wire can bev adjusted with respect to the filament at such' a pointthat any deflection of the wire causes a marked increase or decrease in the current flowing from the Wire to the filament, minutechanges of E. M. F. in the circuit -1- will result in materially increased changes in the. current flowing through circuit -9- to such an extent that they may be easily detected, measured or translated, as desired.

rIhe variation in E. M. F. in circuit ,-1- may be affected by varying the intensity of the' light rays to which the light reactive ceii -3- 1s subjected, or, as stated, a mechanically variable resistance ma be used in said circuit, or any changein M. F. in said circuit due to any cause may be detected, measured and translated.

In Figure 2, I have disclosed an apparatus of similar character except that the wire 4r is omitted and the vacuum maintained in'the vessel is so correlated with the E. M. F4 of circuit -1- that a constant stream of electrons flows between the terminals of said circuit positionedy within'the vacuum tube '-5-, and this constant streamof electrons upon variations ofthe current in primary circuit. -1-- is. deflected toward and from.

` effect.

v .Otherwisefthe operation of the two devices is the same.

It will be understood that the magnetic iso field may be produced in various ways, the apparatus in this specific particular bein similar to the Einthoven galvanometer and that the magnet or the magnetic -field producing means may be arranged in'- various ways to produce a magnetic field of desired character with lines o f forcevpreferably at substantially right angles to the conductor or path of-electron discharge or travel and variationsmay be made in the details of construction and operation ofthe apparatus, all within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In combination, a vacuum vessel, a magnetic fibre traversing the vessel, an electrode sealed Within the vessel, means for heating the electrode, and a magnetic field with lines of force intersecting the fibre for deflecting the fibre with relation to said' electrode.

'2. A circuit including a fibre, means for varying the current `fiovving in said circuit, an electrode, means for heating the electrode and a second circuit connecting across the electrode and the fibre and containing an indicating device.

3. In combination,'a vacuum Vessel, a current path traversingthe vessel, an electrode sealed Within the vessel, means for heating the electrode, and a magnetic field with' lines of force intersecting the current path for deflecting the current path with relation to said electrode. f

4. In combination, a vacuum vessel, a current path traversing the vessel, a circuit, including said current path, means' for varying the current flowing in said circuit, an electrode sealed Within the vessel, a second circuit connected across the electrode and the current path and a magnetic field with lines of force intersecting the current path.

5. In combination, a current path, a circuit including said current path, a source of potential and a variable resistance in said circuit, a magnetic field with lines of force intersecting the current path, an electrode adjacent the current path, a'second circuit connected across the electrode and the cu'r-v rent path, said second circuit including a source of potential and an4 indicating device. f

, 6. In combination, a current path, a circuit including said current path,.meansfor varying the current flowing in said circuit, an electrode adjacent the current path, means for heating the electrode, anda second circuit connected'lacrossthe electrode and the current path, and containing a source of potential and an indicating device. p

, 7 In combination, a vacuum vessel, a cur-- rent path traversing the vessel, a circuit incliiding said current path, said circuit containing a source of potential and a variable resistance, an electrode sealed within the vice, anda magnetic field for lines of force intersecting the current path.

8. In combination, a vacuum vessel, a circuit including a current path located within the vessel, a source of potentialand a variable resistance in said circuit, a magnetic field having lines of force intersecting the current path, an electrode sealed in said vacuum vessel and projecting into the interior thereof at substantially right angles to the current path, means for heating the electrode and a circuit connected across the.electrode and the current path and containing a source of potential and an indicating device. v

9. In combination, a vacuum vessel, a circuit including a small diameter conductor sealed in said vessel, a source of potential and a variable resistance in said circuit, a magnetic field having lines of Vforce intersecting the conductor, anelectrode sealed in 'said vacuum vessel, means for heating Asaid electrode, and a circuit connecting said electrode and said small diameter conductor and l containin a' source of potential and an indicating evice.

10. In combination, a Vacuum vessel, a circuit including a currentpath located within the vessel, a source of potential anda light vreactive element in said circuit, a magnetic field having lines o'f force intersecting the current path, an electrode sealed in said vacuum vessel and projecting into the interior thereof at substantially right angles tothe current path, means for heating the electrode and a circuit connecting Said electrode and said current path and containing a source of potential and an indicating device.

11. In combination a vacuum vessel, a cir cuit, including a small diameter conductor located Within the vessel, a source of otential anda light reactive element in said circuit,'amagnetic field having lines of force intersecting the small diameter conductor, an electrode sealed in said vacuum vessel and projecting into the interior thereof at substantially right angles to the small diameter conductor, means for heating the electrode and a circuit connecting said electrode and said small diameter conductor and containing a source of potential and an indicating device.

n witness whereof I have hereuntoV set my hand this 4th day of January, 1918.

THEODORE WILLARD CASE.'v 

